Knowledge Base
MPEG
The MPEG standards are an evolving set of standards for video and audio compression
and for multimedia delivery developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG).
MPEG-1 was designed for coding progressive video at a transmission
rate of about 1.5 million bits per second. It was designed specifically for
Video-CD and CD-i media. MPEG-1 audio layer-3 (MP3) has also evolved from early
MPEG work.
MPEG-2 was designed for coding interlaced images at transmission
rates above 4 million bits per second. MPEG-2 is used for digital TV broadcast
and DVD. An MPEG-2 player can handle MPEG-1 data as well.
DVD
DVD stands for Digital Versatile/Video Disc, DVDR stands for DVD Recordable
and DVDRW for DVD ReWriteable. If you're familiar with regular audio/music CDs
or regular DVD-Video discs, then you will know what a recordable DVD looks like.
A recordable DVD stores up to 2 hours of very good quality DVD-Video, including
several audio tracks in formats like stereo, Dolby Digital or DTS and also advanced
menu systems, subtitles and still pictures that can be played by many standalone
DVD Players and most computer DVD-ROMs. If you choose to lower the video quality
it is possible to store several hours video on a recordable DVD using low bitrates
and low resolution with video quality more like VHS, SVHS, SVCD, CVD or VCD.
It is also possible to have up to 4.37* GB ordinary data or mix DVD-Video and
data on a recordable DVD that can be played by most computer DVD-ROMs.
There are three competing DVD Recording standards, DVD-R/DVD-RW and DVD+R/DVD+RW have pretty similiar features and are compatible with many standalone DVD Players and most DVD-ROMs while DVD-RAM has less DVD Player and DVD-ROM compatibility but better recording features.
DVD-R and DVD-RW
DVD-R was the first DVD recording format released that was compatible with standalone
DVD Players.
DVD-R is a non-rewriteable format and it is compatible with about 93% of all
DVD Players and most DVD-ROMs.
DVD-RW is a rewriteable format and it is compatible with about 80% of all DVD
Players and most DVD-ROMs.
DVD-R and DVD-RW supports single side 4.37 computer GB* DVDs(called DVD-5) and
double sided 8.75 computer GB* DVDs(called DVD-10).
These formats are supported by DVDForum.
DVD+R and DVD+RW
DVD+R is a non-rewritable format and it is compatible with about 89% of all
DVD Players and most DVD-ROMs.
DVD+RW is a rewritable format and is compatible with about 79% of all DVD Players
and most DVD-ROMs.
DVD+R and DVD+RW supports single side 4.37 computer GB* DVDs(called DVD-5) and
double side 8.75 computer GB* DVDs(called DVD-10).
These formats are supported by the DVD+RW Alliance.
DVD+R DL
DVD+R DL or called DVD+R9 is a Dual Layer writeable DVD+R. The dual layered
discs can hold 7.95 computer GB* (called DVD-9) and dual layered double sides
15.9* computer GB (called dvd-18).
DVD-R DL
DVD-R DL or called DVD-R9 is a Dual Layer writeable DVD-R. The dual layered
discs can hold 7.95 computer GB* (called DVD-9) and dual layered double sides
15.9* computer GB (called dvd-18).
DVD-RAM
DVD-RAM has the best recording features but it is not compatible with most DVD-ROM
drives and DVD-Video players. Think more of it as a removable hard disk. DVD-RAM
is usually used in some DVD Recorders.
DVD image
Video DVD image is a directory in your hard disk, it contains the whole dvd
file structures, includes VIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TS dirctory, and IFO, BUP,
VOB as well as the files in your dvd disc.
VCD
VCD stands for 'Video Compact Disc' and basically it is a CD that contains moving
pictures and sound. If you're familiar with regular audio/music CDs, then you
will know what a VCD looks like. A VCD has the capacity to hold up to 74/80
minutes on 650MB/700MB CDs respectively of full-motion video along with quality
stereo sound. VCDs use a compression standard called MPEG to store the video
and audio. A VCD can be played on almost all standalone DVD Players and of course
on all computers with a DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive with the help of a software
based decoder / player. It is also possible to use menus and chapters, similiar
to DVDs, on a VCD and also simple photo album/slide shows with background audio.
The quality of a very good VCD is about the same as a VHS tape based movie but
VCD is usually a bit more blurry.
SVCD
SVCD stands for "Super VideoCD". A SVCD is very similiar to a VCD,
it has the capacity to hold about 35-60 minutes on 74/80 min CDs of very good
quality full-motion video along with up to 2 stereo audio tracks and also 4
selectable subtitles. A SVCD can be played on many standalone DVD Players and
of course on all computers with a DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive with the help of a
software based decoder / player. It is also possible to use menus and chapters,
similiar to DVDs, on a SVCD and also simple photo album/slide shows with background
audio. The quality of a SVCD is much better than a VCD, especially much more
sharpen picture than a VCD because of the higher resolution. But the quality
depends how many minutes you choose to store on a CD, less minutes/CD generally
means higher quality.
AVI
Audio Video Interleave (AVI) format is the standard Windows format for audio/video
data.
Codec
An abbreviation for compressor/decompressor. Software or hardware used to compress
and decompress digital media.
frame rate
The number of video frames displayed per second. Higher frame rates generally
produce smoother movement in the picture.
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